Kansas

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State of Kansas
Flag of Kansas Seal of Kansas Nickname(s): The Sunflower State Motto(s): Ad astra per aspera
Official language(s)	English
Capital	Topeka
Largest city	Wichita
Area	Ranked 15th
- Total	82,277 sq mi (213,096 km²)
- Width	211 miles (340 km)
- Length	417 miles (645 km)
- % water	0.56
- Latitude	37°N to 40°N
- Longitude	94°38'W to 102°1'34"W
Population	Ranked 33rd
- Total (2000)	2,688,418
- Density	32.9/sq mi  12.7/km² (40th)
Elevation
- Highest point	Mount Sunflower 4,039 ft  (1,232 m)
- Mean	2,000 ft  (600 m)
- Lowest point	Verdigris River 679 ft  (207 m)
Admission to Union	January 29, 1861 (34th)
Governor	Kathleen Sebelius (D)
U.S. Senators	Sam Brownback (R) Pat Roberts (R)
Congressional Delegation	List
Time zones
- most of state	Central: UTC-6/-5
- 4 western counties	Mountain: UTC-7/-6
Abbreviations	US-KS
Web site	www.kansas.gov

The State of Kansas (IPA: /ˈkæn.zəs/) is a Midwestern state in the central region of the United States of America, an area often referred to as the American "Heartland". It is named after the Kansas River also known as the Kaw River, which flows through it, from the French "Cansez", by explorer Étienne de Veniard, Sieur de Bourgmont, and after the Kansa tribe, who inhabited the area. The tribe's name (natively kką:ze) is often said to mean "people of the wind" or "people of the south wind", although this was probably not the term's original meaning. Residents of Kansas are called "Kansans."

Historically, the area was home to large numbers of nomadic Native Americans that hunted bison. It was first settled by white Americans in the 1850s, in the midst of political wars over the slavery issue. When officially opened to settlement by the U.S. government in 1854, abolitionists from New England and pro-slavery settlers from neighboring Missouri rushed to the territory to determine if Kansas would become a free state or a slave state. Thus, the area was a hotbed of violence and chaos in its early days as these forces collided, and was known as Bleeding Kansas. The abolitionists eventually prevailed and on January 29, 1861, Kansas entered the Union as a free state. After the Civil War, the population of Kansas exploded when waves of immigrants turned the prairie into productive farmland. Today, Kansas is one of the most productive agricultural states, producing many crops, and leading the nation in wheat and sunflower production.

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